The introduction is one of the main sections of a research article. In this section, referees, editors and readers can find out what the study is about, what motivated the author to carry out the study, and why the research topic is important. The introduction also provides relevant background information and puts the study in context, guiding readers through the rest of the manuscript and helping the authors describe the depth and challenges of the study. How to write introduction in research proposal?

Writing a good introduction can be a difficult task, and authors generally prefer to write this part of the manuscript at the end of the writing process (once they know what the article will contain and how it will be structured) to ensure nothing is missed high. These three tips could help authors write a strong introduction:

Tip 1: Set the context and explain the need for your work

To begin with, the authors should provide general information about their study. Authors should indicate why the work is important and what advances it provides with respect to current knowledge. The goal is to create a compelling and clear article that wins the interest of referees, editors, and readers.

To support the claims and put the study in context, the introduction should include a summary of relevant and up-to-date publications in the field. This (very short) literature review should be written in a way that appeals to a wide audience and clearly explains the need for the study. It is recommended not to include unnecessary information and to provide only what will help readers to better understand the importance of the document. How to write introduction in research proposal?

Using phrases like “recently”, “during the last 10 years” or “since the discovery of…” can help anchor the context in time. Authors can also locate their work within a specific research field (eg, “in the biomedical field,…” or “conductive polymers have received a lot of attention because…”).

Authors should make sure to describe the problem as clearly as possible. Authors should start by discussing the current situation and then indicate what they would like to achieve, change, or study. The use of words like “but”, “however” or “unfortunately” can help to emphasize the contrast between the current situation and the desired one.

An effective way to express the objectives of the study is to combine the problem with what has been done to solve it and present it in a single sentence. There are many verbs that can be used to describe the study (investigate, study, measure, design, analyze, develop, model, etc.) and many ways to emphasize the contribution of the authors. For example:

“Material A has received a lot of attention in recent years due to its optical properties.  However, its low stability has limited its widespread use.  To address this problem, we designed a… ”

A good introduction should also prepare readers for the structure of the document and set their expectations for its content. Here are some examples: How to write introduction in research proposal?

“This article discusses the importance of …”

 “This manuscript summarizes our results in …”

 “This communication describes the mechanism by which …”

 “This document reports on …”

Tip 2: Use the correct tone and timing

When writing the introduction, the authors should use a formal and impersonal tone. When stating accepted facts or truths, or describing a permanent situation, authors can use the simple present tense; for example:

“Gold is a noble metal …”

However, when describing a particular outcome or temporary situation, it is preferable to use the past simple and provide the appropriate reference:

“In that study, [1] gold catalyzed the reaction …”

In some cases, it may be appropriate to use the present perfect tense when addressing a problem that has not been previously solved or examined; for example: How to write introduction in research proposal?

“Although the properties of the material are well known, little attention has been paid to …”

or

 “The exact mechanism has not been reported before …”

Tip 3: Organize

In general, one to four paragraphs should be sufficient for the introduction, but to explain recent concepts or developments in more detail, it might be a good idea to add an additional section called “State of the art”, “Background information”, or something. similar, where these terms and/or advancements can be better discussed.

A good text must be logically arranged. Therefore, the references included in the introduction should be presented in such a way that the reader understands why the authors were interested in the aim of the study. This can be accomplished by discussing the studies chronologically; grouping approaches, theories or models; or going from general to specific descriptions. How to write introduction in research proposal?

To make the introduction more understandable, the authors can divide it into four parts:

• Establish the importance of the topic.
• Discuss previous and / or current research in the field.
• Identify the problem and explain the approach taken to solve it.
• Briefly describe this document.