Medicine has a large number of specialties which serve to provide precise solutions to various ailments or diseases. In this sense, the attention and care of an expert in any of these branches is needed. In this post you will know what are the branches of medicine . What are the branches of medicine?
General medicine
This branch represents the basis of medicine, it does not have a particular focus on any part of the body but rather has a general knowledge of health problems. Likewise, the general practitioner is the first one we visit in a consultation and he then refers to a specialist.
Pediatrics
The branch of Pediatrics is one of the most important in medicine, because it deals with health problems of the most vulnerable age group: children. However, the peculiarity of this specialty, in addition to the fact that children demand different treatment from adults, is the role of their parents. It is they who must provide the child’s information to the doctor and will be responsible for any decision. The pediatrician has to know how to deal with children and be able to interpret information that is not given, since children do not always know how to explain themselves.
Cardiology
This branch of medicine is responsible for studying and caring for the cardiovascular system , specifically the heart . In this sense, this specialty treats arrhythmia problems, heart attacks, congenital problems, heart diseases. In addition, it is sometimes linked to another specialty, cardiovascular surgery.
Pneumology
Pulmonology is responsible for treating problems associated with the respiratory system , especially with regard to the lungs . Some of the typical problems that this specialty treats are: cystic fibrosis, pneumonia, bronchitis, lung cancer, etc. What are the branches of medicine?
Gynecology and Obstetrics
This medical specialty is responsible for treating and attending to problems related to the female reproductive system . Now, with regard to obstetrics, it is in charge of studying and treating the processes of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum.
Urology
This branch of medicine focuses on the study and care of the male reproductive and genitourinary system . In addition, it treats problems in areas such as the testicles, the adrenal glands, the penis, the peritoneum. This branch should not be confused with proctology.
Endocrinology
Endocrinology deals with the treatment and diagnosis of disorders related to the endocrine system (glands and organs that produce hormones). The problems that the endocrinologist could treat are: hormonal, thyroid, growth or diabetes problems. What are the branches of medicine?
Dermatology
Dermatology is responsible for diagnosing and treating skin-related problems. Some of these problems that this branch of medicine treats are: acne, pustules, burns, cysts, alopecia, atopic dermatitis, eczema, abscesses, freckles, etc.
Traumatology
The traumatology and orthopedic surgery are responsible for the study, conservation, development and restoration of function and form of the spine and limbs, using surgical means, medical and physical. In general, it is usually related to Physiotherapy, Rehabilitation and Surgery.
Oncology
Oncology is responsible for diagnosing and treating cancer , using as means: chemotherapy, biological therapy, hormone or biological therapy.
Geriatrics
This type of branch of medicine focuses instead of a disease on problems related to a specific age group: the elderly (the elderly). It usually takes care of your usual health problems, which include dementia.
odontology
This branch of medicine studies and treats problems related to the mouth, organs and tissues located in the oral cavity, skull, face and neck. In addition, it solves problems related to alterations of the oral cavity and nearby regions. Some of the problems that this specialty studies are: cavities, bad breath, gingivitis, periodontitis, etc.
Gastroenterology
This specialty is responsible for studying, treating and diagnosing problems associated with the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, rectum and colon, gallbladder, pancreas, liver and bile ducts. In addition, it treats a series of problems and diseases such as: stomach pain, intestinal colic, constipation and diarrhea, etc.
Nephrology
Nephrology is in charge of studying, diagnosing and preventing or treating all pathologies related to the kidneys and the male genital tract. As for the diseases or problems studied are: hematuria, vascular damage, proteinuria, urinary tract infections, nephritis, kidney stones, kidney failure, etc. What are the branches of medicine?
Infectology
Infectious diseases is a specialty that is responsible for diagnosing, managing and treating infectious diseases of any kind, generated by viruses; fungi, bacteria or parasites. These infections can also be related to any other specialty. For example: male or female genital tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin infections, animal stings or bites; intestinal parasites, hepatitis B / C, among others.
Toxicology
The toxicology is the branch of medicine that is responsible for studying, diagnosing and treating adverse health effects caused by chemical, biological or physical.
Hematology
The Hematology medical specialty is the one in charge of the study, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of problems related to the blood and the organs that produce it (bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, etc.). It is also responsible for studying blood components such as: red blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, plasma, leukocytes, etc.
Ophthalmology
The ophthalmology is responsible for the visual health of the functioning and eye – related disorders. In addition, the ophthalmology specialist is the one trained to advise the care that is needed in the eyes. It can be from the prescription or adaptation of glasses or contact lenses, as well as surgical intervention related to the visual area. What are the branches of medicine?
Radiology
The branch of Radiology is the one in charge of images of the interior of the body through machines such as: X-rays, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medicine, tomography and ultrasound. In addition, these images are used to diagnose and treat both diseases and injuries.
Rheumatology
Rheumatology is responsible for studying, diagnosing and treating diseases related to the locomotor system (muscles, bones, ligaments, joints and tendons) and connective tissue . Some of the diseases that this specialty treats are: osteoporosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, ankylosing spondylitis, low back pain, rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, chondrocalcinosis, gout, etc.
The branches of medicine mentioned above follow a scientific methodology and have been effective in treating problems thanks to the studies and research that have been carried out. However, there is another type of medicine that does not have scientific proof but which many people often turn to. It is about traditional and alternative medicine. But we leave these for another post. What are the branches of medicine?
