Language
The term language comes from the Latin language and this in turn from Greek. It is a system of oral or graphic verbal communication and even gestures typical of a human community. Languages are subdivided into dialects, the criteria for dividing a language into dialects are currently not considered objective or safe, in general, to determine if two dialects are part of the same language, sociopolitical and not linguistic is used. The number of current languages is between 6,000 and 6,500. According to a study carried out in 2009, there are 6,909 languages in the world. There is no criterion to determine the number of languages in the world as there are no criteria that allow differentiating two languages in different languages or if it is the same language represented by two dialects. In addition, there are unstudied areas on the planet, there are uncontacted tribes with their languages and dialects. Also some extinct languages have re-emerged.
Dialect
For linguistics, dialect is one of the variables of a language or language. This term is usually used to refer to the geographical variants of a language associated with a certain area. A dialect is a system of signs from a common language or language, whether it is alive or missing, that is geographically delimited. It does not present a specific differentiation from dialects of a common origin. A dialect can be divided into sub-dialects. Differentiating or delimiting a dialect is a very delicate process in linguistics, as it requires characterizing the language of territory, determining its historical precision, and performing sociolinguistic analyzes on the speakers. Historically the word dialect has been used in communities with a pejorative value in such a way that a certain language is disqualified in favor of others considered official.
Key Differences between Language and dialect
criteria |
Language |
Dialect |
||
1. Of |
|
|
||
2. phonetic : |
|
|
||
3. grammatical : grammatical |
|
|
||
4. lexicon : vocabulary |
|
|
||
5. graphic : written |
|
|
||
6. demographic : |
|
|
||
7. literary : |
|
|
||
8. normative : |
|
|
||
9. political : |
|
|
||
10. cultural : |
|
|
||
11. psychological |
|
|